Northeast State University

Introduction North State University is comprised of Decision Science Department whose faculty of Business Administration is chaired by Dr. Woodrow Bay. The University has been experiencing difficulties that revolve around administrative support, with the latest predicament involving protests from professors on poor administrative support offered to them.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Northeast State University specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The decision Science Department in which Dr. Bay has been chairing is composed of four sectors that include; operations management, statistics, information systems and quantitative. Due to its international and national reputation, the faculty has experienced high student enrollment levels that have resulted to increase in the number of full time professors. In relation to the increase in the number of professors, there was an increase in strain on the administrative staf f. The administrative assistants were at the heart of daily operations of the professors and at the same time, they were expected by the faculty to key-in information. Out of the numerous tasks delegated to the administrative assistants, a few of them were not attended to resulting to calls of hiring more assistants. These calls were next to impossibility as the as the University was operating on budget cuts. Dr. Bay hence decided to conduct a case study so as to get to the root of the problem. Use of the data by Dr. Bay The data attained by Dr. Bay is useful on determining the right course of action to be taken to resolve the existing predicament. The data indicates the activities that require more concentration as opposed to the activities that require less concentration. In addition to this, Dr. Bay may use the data in the next faculty meeting to explain to the faculty professors about the actual situation on the ground. Using the data, Dr. Bay may contrast the perception by the faculty that administrative assistants spend approximately the same time to both working and attending to other minor duties like filling. In addition to this, the data attained by Dr. Bay may also be used as a reference point in terms of scheduling the administrative assistants’ future schedule. Changes to be incorporated in the administrative assistant jobs Planning Poor planning has been described as one of the main problem of time management. If not put in check, poor planning may result to break down of activities in the workplace. As the chairperson of the Decision Science department, Dr. Bay is supposed to initiate appropriate strategies of dealing with the work plan of the administrative assistants. Using the data attained in the case study, a plan may be initiated, as future important benchmark of activities may be identified (Nigro, 2008, p. 129). According to Wignall lack of planning can still get the job done but at a very high cost or at very slow pace. Accordi ng to the claims leveled against the administrative assistance, it was claimed that they had too much in their hands that hindered them from completing their jobs.Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In regards to this Wignall suggest that with good planning work can be completed in both the shortest time and economical way. Defects of poor planning like poor attitude towards work and issuance of contradicting instructions should be avoided to avoid slow progression of work (Wignall, 1999, p. 289). Unnecessary interruptions Unnecessary interruptions should be avoided and time at the work place strictly confined to matters pertaining to work. According to the data acquired, talking to others was identified to be the second activity that consumed most of the administrative assistants’ time. In relation to this, time used in talking to others can be reduced by restricting the talk about business issues affecting the faculty. Faculty’s changes to work habits The faculty has a major role to play in assisting the burden on administrative assistants. Looking at the data acquired from the case study, talking with the faculty was the third activity that consumed majority of the administrative assistants’ time. In relation to this, the faculty should ensure less time is used in talking and more time directed to working. In doing so, the faculty will be ensuring more work is covered by the administrative assistants. The faculty can also play a vital role in ensuring that time spent away from the office is minimized, mainly because the activity was recorded as the second ranked activity that consumed administrative assistants time. The faculty can minimize this time by ensuring that unnecessary activities are done away with and eliminated from the office. In addition, there is need to model the Administrative Assistants to be people with great interperso nal skills, through trainings on fields such as public relations and customer service, thus helping save time spent well speaking on phone, with faculty and other people Alternatives on reduction of administration assistant’s strain Revision priorities list Priorities should set according to their urgency; if the work at hand is simple, it should be worked upon as quickly as possible to avoid congestion. By prioritizing activities, the administrative assistants will be able to do away with unnecessary activities and the extra time realized directed to the more important activities (Roberts, 1998, p. 6). Training of the administrative assistants and embracing new technology In the business world, training has evolved to be an effective tool in time and activities management. Training has not only managed to incorporate conflicting pressures, but also incorporated new technology. In management of time, efficient techniques and practices are emphasized so that suitable work patterns can be achieved efficiently.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Northeast State University specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the data acquired by Dr. Bay, most of the time used by the administrative assistant is working on the computer. Therefore, embracing this new technology will not only enhance coverage of more work, but also increase efficiency within the faculty (Roberts, p. 4). Motivating the administrative assistants According to Bruce and Pepitone, motivation is one of the tools that can be used to extract a greater wok performance from the employees. Motivation being an intrinsic that originates within us is supposed to be used to create an efficient work environment. The faculty can influence the administrative assistants on their motivational intrinsic. By helping the administrative assistants in indentifying their welfare within the organization, there will be an increase in the urge to wor k hard by the administrative assistants. According to Bruce and Pepitone, motivation entails drives that direct us on what to do. These drives emanate from desire to produce. These drives should be identified and used to motivate the administrative assistants in making them believe their working in their best interest (Bruce and Pepitone, 1999, p. 1 2). Moreover, through improved interpersonal skills, the institution will become more efficient and productive, and the Administrative Assistants will be socially empowered through better personal relationships with the faculty and community. References Bruce, A. and Pepitone, J. S., (1999). Motivating employees. NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Web. Nigro, N., (2008). The Everything Coaching Mentoring Book: Increase Productivity, Foster, Talent, and encourage success. MA: F=W Publications, Inc. Web. Roberts, J., (1998). Time management. London: Trotman and Company. Web.Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Wignall, A., (1999). Roadwork: theory and practice. MA: Elsevier Science. Web. This report on Northeast State University was written and submitted by user Makhi Smith to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The McMansion Is the Big Mac of Suburbia

The McMansion Is the Big Mac of Suburbia McMansion is a derogatory term for a large, showy neo-eclectic architectural style home, usually built by a developer without the guidance of an architects custom design. The word McMansion was coined in the 1980s by architects and architecture critics in response to the many over-sized, poorly designed, expensive homes being built in American suburbs. The word McMansion is cleverly derived from the name McDonalds, the fast food chain restaurant. Think about what is offered under the golden arches of McDonalds  - big, fast, tasteless food. McDonalds is known for mass producing super-sized everything in huge quantities.  So, a McMansion is the Big Mac hamburger of architecture - mass produced, quickly built, generic, bland, and unnecessarily large. The McMansion is part of the McDonaldization of Society. Features of a McMansion A McMansion has many of these characteristics: (1) over-sized in proportion to the building lot, which is usually a defined space in a suburban neighborhood; (2) poorly proportioned placement of windows, doors, and porches; (3) excessive use of gabled roofs or a bizarre mixture of roof styles; (4) poorly planned mixture of architectural details and ornamentation borrowed from a variety of historical periods; (5) abundant use of vinyl (e.g., siding, windows) and artificial stone; (6) unpleasing combinations of many different siding materials; (7) atria, great rooms, and other grand open spaces that are rarely used; and (8) quickly constructed using mix-and-match details from a builders catalog. McMansion is a snarky word used to describe a certain type of house, for which there is no absolute definition. Some people use the word to describe an entire neighborhood of overly large houses. Other people use the word to describe an individual house of new construction, more than 3,000 square feet, that has replaced a more modest house on the same lot. A very large house in a neighborhood of mid-century modest homes would look disproportional. A Symbol of Economic Status Is the McMansion anything new? Well, yes, sort of. McMansions are unlike the mansions of yesteryear. In the Gilded Age of America, many people became very wealthy and built opulent homes - usually a city dwelling and a country house, or cottage as the Newport, Rhode Island mansions are called. In the early 20th century, large, rambling homes were built in Southern California for people in the movie industry. No doubt, these homes are objects of excess. Generally, however, they are not considered McMansions because they were individually built by people who really could afford them. For example, Biltmore Estate, often called the largest private home in the United States, was never a McMansion because it was designed by a well-known architect and built by moneyed people on many, many acres of land. Hearst Castle,  William Randolph Hearsts estate in  San Simeon, California, and Bill and Melinda Gates 66,000 square foot house, Xanadu 2.0, are not McMansions for similar reasons. These are mansions, plain and simple. McMansions are a type of wannabe mansion, built by upper-middle class people with enough down payment money to show off their economic status. These homes are usually highly mortgaged to people who can afford the monthly interest payment, but who have obvious disregard for architectural aesthetics. They are trophy homes. The leveraged McMansion becomes a status symbol, then - a business tool that depends on property appreciation (i.e., natural price increase) to make money. McMansions are real estate investments instead of architecture. Reaction to McMansions Many people love McMansions. Likewise, many people love McDonalds Big Macs. That doesnt mean theyre good for you, your neighborhood, or society. Historically, Americans have rebuilt their communities every 50 to 60 years. In the book Suburban Nation, Andres Duany, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk and Jeff Speck tell us that its not too late to untangle the mess.  The authors are pioneers in the rapidly growing movement known as New Urbanism. Duany and Plater-Zyberk launched the groundbreaking Congress for the New Urbanism which strives to promote the creation of pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods. Jeff Speck is the director of town planning at Duany Plater-Zyberk Co. The firm is noted for designing pristine communities such as Seaside, Florida, and Kentlands, Maryland. McMansions are not in their visions for America. Old-fashioned neighborhoods with walkable roads and corner shops may seem idyllic, but New Urbanist philosophies are not universally embraced. Critics say that pretty communities like Kentlands, Maryland, and Seaside, Florida, are as isolated as the suburbs they try to replace. Moreover, many New Urbanist communities are considered pricey and exclusive, even when they arent filled with McMansions. Architect Sarah Susanka, FAIA, became famous by rejecting McMansions and the notion of what she calls starter castles. She has created a cottage industry by preaching that space should be designed to nurture the body and soul and not to impress the neighbors. Her book, The Not So Big House, has become a textbook for 21st-century living. More rooms, bigger spaces, and vaulted ceilings do not necessarily give us what we need in a home, writes Susanka. And when the impulse for big spaces is combined with outdated patterns of home design and building, the result is more often than not a house that doesnt work. Kate Wagner has become the go-to critic of the McMansion form. Her commentary website called McMansion Hell is a clever, snarky personal assessment of the house style. In a local TED talk, Wagner rationalizes her animosity by suggesting that in order to avoid bad design, one must recognize bad design - and McMansions have a plethora of opportunities to hone ones critical thinking skills. Before the economic downturn of 2007, McMansions proliferated like mushrooms in a field. In 2017 Kate Wagner was writing about The Rise of the McModern -  McMansions persist.  Perhaps its a byproduct of a capitalistic society. Perhaps its the notion that you get what you pay for - small houses can cost as much to build as larger houses, so how do we rationalize living in tiny homes?   I believe, concludes Sarah Susanka, that the more people put their money where their hearts are, the more others will realize the validity of building for comfort, and not prestige. Source The Not So Big House by Sarah Susanka with Kira Obolensky, Taunton, 1998, pp. 3, 194

Biography of William Lloyd Garrison, Abolitionist

Biography of William Lloyd Garrison, Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison (December 10, 1805–May 24, 1879) was one of the most prominent American abolitionists and was both admired and vilified for his unwavering opposition to slavery in America. As the publisher of The Liberator, a fiery antislavery newspaper, Garrison was at the forefront of the crusade against slavery from the 1830s until he felt the issue had been settled by the passage of the 13th Amendment following the Civil War. Fast Facts: William Lloyd Garrison Known For: Abolitionist crusaderBorn: December 10, 1805 in Newburyport, MassachusettsParents: Frances Maria Lloyd and Abijah GarrisonDied: May 24, 1879 in New York CityPublished Works: Publisher of The Liberator, an abolitionist newspaperAwards and Honors: Boston has a statue of Garrison on Commonwealth Avenue. The Museum of African American History’s â€Å"Living Legends Awards†Ã‚  recipients are given a replica of a silver cup that was presented to William Lloyd Garrison in 1833 by black community leaders. Garrison has a  feast day  (Dec. 17) on the  liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church.Spouse: Helen Eliza Benson (m. Sept. 4, 1834–Jan.25, 1876)Children: George Thompson,  William Lloyd Garrison Sr.,  Wendall Phillips,  Helen Frances (Garrison) Villard,  Francis Jackson.Notable Quote: If the State cannot survive the antislavery agitation, then let the State perish. If the Church must be cast down by the strugglings of Humanity to be free, the n let the Church fall and its fragments be scattered to the four winds of Heaven, never more to curse the earth. Early Life and Career William Lloyd Garrison was born to a very poor family in Newburyport, Massachusetts, on Dec. 10, 1805. His father deserted the family when Garrison was 3 years old, and his mother and his two siblings lived in poverty. After receiving a very limited education, Garrison worked as an apprentice in various trades, including shoemaker and cabinet maker. He wound up working for a printer and learned the trade, becoming the printer and editor of a local newspaper in Newburyport. After an effort to operate his own newspaper failed, Garrison moved to Boston, where he worked in print shops and became involved in social causes, including the temperance movement. Garrison, who tended to see life as a struggle against sin, began to find his voice as the editor of a temperance newspaper in the late 1820s. Garrison met Benjamin Lundy, a Quaker who edited a Baltimore-based antislavery newspaper, The Genius of Emancipation. Following the election of 1828, during which Garrison worked on a newspaper that supported Andrew Jackson, he moved to Baltimore and began working with Lundy. In 1830, Garrison got into trouble when he was sued for libel and refused to pay a fine. He served 44 days in the Baltimore city jail. While he earned a reputation for courting controversy, in his personal life Garrison was quiet and extremely polite. He married in 1834 and he and his wife had seven children, five of whom survived to adulthood. Publishing The Liberator In his earliest involvement in the abolitionist cause, Garrison supported the idea of colonization, a proposed ending of slavery by returning slaves in American to Africa. The American Colonization Society was a fairly prominent organization dedicated to that concept. Garrison soon rejected the idea of colonization, and split with Lundy and his newspaper. Striking out on his own, Garrison launched The Liberator, a Boston-based abolitionist newspaper. On Jan. 11, 1831, a brief article in a New England newspaper, the Rhode Island American and Gazette, announced the new venture while praising Garrisons reputation: Mr. Wm. L. Garrison, indefatigable and honest advocate of the abolition of slavery, who has suffered more for conscience sake and independence than any man in modern times, has established a newspaper in Boston, called the Liberator. Two months later, on March 15, 1831, the same newspaper reported on the early issues of The Liberator, noting Garrisons rejection of the idea of colonization: Mr. Wm. Lloyd Garrison, who has suffered much persecution in his efforts to promote the abolition of Slavery, has commenced a new weekly paper in Boston, called the Liberator. We perceive he is extremely hostile to the American Colonization Society, a measure we have been inclined to regard as one of the best means of effecting the gradual abolition of slavery. The blacks in New York and Boston have held numerous meetings and denounced the colonization society. Their proceedings are published in the Liberator. Garrisons newspaper would continue publishing every week for nearly 35 years, only ending when the 13th Amendment was ratified and slavery was permanently ended after the end of the Civil War. Supports Slave Rebellion In 1831 Garrison was accused, by Southern newspapers, of involvement in the slave rebellion of Nat Turner. He had nothing to do with it. And, in fact, it is unlikely that Turner had any involvement with anyone outside his immediate circle of acquaintances in rural Virginia. Yet when the story of the rebellion spread in northern newspapers, Garrison wrote editorials for The Liberator praising the outbreak of violence. Garrisons praise of Turner and his followers brought him attention. And a  grand jury in North Carolina issued a warrant for his arrest. The charge was seditious libel, and a Raleigh newspaper noted that the penalty was whipping and imprisonment for the first offense, and death without benefit of clergy for a second offense. Sparks Controversy The writings of Garrison were so provocative that abolitionists dare not travel into the South. In an attempt to circumvent that obstacle, the American Anti-Slavery Society undertook its pamphlet campaign in 1835. Dispatching human representatives of the cause would simply be too dangerous, so antislavery printed material was mailed into the South, where it was often intercepted and burned in public bonfires. Even in the North, Garrison was not always safe. In 1835, a British abolitionist visited America and intended to speak with Garrison at an antislavery meeting in Boston. Handbills were circulated that advocated mob action against the meeting. A mob assembled to break up the meeting, and as newspaper articles in late October 1835 described it, Garrison tried to escape. He was captured by the mob and was paraded through Boston streets with a rope around his neck. The mayor of Boston finally got the mob to disperse, and Garrison was unharmed. Garrison had been instrumental in leading the American Anti-Slavery Society, but his inflexible positions eventually led to a split in the group. Conflict With Frederick Douglas His positions even brought him into conflict at times with Frederick Douglass, a former slave and leading antislavery crusader. Douglass, to avoid legal problems and the possibility that he could be arrested and brought back to Maryland as a slave, eventually paid his former owner for his freedom. Garrisons position was that buying ones own freedom was wrong, as it essentially verified the concept that slavery itself was legal. For Douglass, a black man in constant peril of being returned to bondage, that type of thinking was simply impractical. Garrison, however, was intractable. The fact that slavery was protected under the U.S. Constitution outraged Garrison to the point that he once burned a copy of the Constitution at a public meeting. Among the purists in the abolition movement, Garrisons gesture was seen as a valid protest. But to many Americans, it only made Garrison appear to be operating on the outer fringe of politics. The purist attitude always held by Garrison was to advocate resisting slavery, but not by use of political systems that acknowledged its legality. Later Years and Death As the conflict over slavery became the central political issue of the 1850s, thanks to the Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and a variety of other controversies, Garrison continued to speak out against slavery. But his views were still considered out of the mainstream, and Garrison continued to rail against the federal government for accepting the legality of slavery. However, once the Civil War began, Garrison became a supporter of the Union cause. When the war had ended and the 13th Amendment legally established the end of American slavery, Garrison ended publication of The Liberator, feeling that the struggle had ended. In 1866 Garrison retired from public life, though he would occasionally write articles which advocated equal rights for blacks and women. He died on May 24, 1879. Legacy Garrisons views during his own lifetime were commonly considered extremely radical and he was often subjected to death threats. At one point he served 44 days in jail after being sued for libel, and he was often suspected of participating in various plots considered to be crimes at the time. Garrisons outspoken crusade against slavery led him to denounce the United States Constitution as an illegitimate document, as it institutionalized slavery in its original form. Garrison once sparked controversy by publicly burning a copy of the Constitution. It can be argued that Garrisons uncompromising positions and extreme rhetoric did little to advance the antislavery cause. However, Garrisons writings and speeches publicized the abolitionist cause and were a factor in making the antislavery crusade more prominent in American life. Sources â€Å"Tidbits About William Lloyd Garrison His Statue on the Commonwealth Avenue Mall.†Ã‚  BostonZest.â€Å"William L. Garrison.†Ã‚  Battle of Lake Erie - Ohio History Central.Goodison, Donna, and Donna Goodison. â€Å"African-American Museum Honors Two Living Legends.†Ã‚  Boston Herald, Boston Herald, 17 Nov. 2018.

Women and Advertisements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women and Advertisements - Essay Example She tries to clarify her point by criticizing the advertising agencies and their aims to successfully sell a produce (Kilbourne 461). Kilbourne’s assertion towards commercial advertisement leaves us with no doubt that it is a wrong practice. Jean Kilbourne reasons that the use of female imagery in the making of advertisement is an act of belittling the morale and esteem of a woman. These advertisements are considered to be painting women as sexual objects, in several instances, and this might depict a woman as a person with no dignity or feelings but one that is only interested in achieving the objective set for her. Similarly, the image of Kerri Hugg relaxing in the arms of her couch depicts another side of female imagery opinion (Shari and Michael 739). This is considered as a complete difference from the female imagery displayed in Jean Kilbourne’s piece. Kilbourne argues that the use of female imagery for commercial advertisement is a way of violating women’s rights, particularly in the sense that these advertisements display women as objects and not equal beings to their male counterparts. The images of male and female athletes, nevertheless, have much more in common as compared to the images of female and male artists used in commercial advertisements. In several instances, the women who chose to do sports like athletics concentrate fully on the game and forget about their feminine essence. In such instances, they prefer winning most titles and becoming the best in their positions. It is thus so hard to spot a particular female athlete concentrating on her looks and beauty as opposed to any ordinary woman (Greene and Lindsky 125). The key reason behind this fact is that most women consider themselves equal to the task and thus, give it their best so as to be successful athletes. Subsequently, there are no key dissimilarities in the images of the female and male athletes. Several female athletes are well-built

Community based corrections, a issue that is most critical today, Essay

Community based corrections, a issue that is most critical today, - Essay Example As well, there is a demonstration of the valuing of diversity in the organization and the environmental trends faced. This serves as a good example of community based corrections, an issues that is most critical in the present day. Introduction: Characteristics and Environments of Medicare Program In a community, it is necessary to have all needs exampleof the people catered for. In an urban setting, there are very many needs which have to be considered and be put in place. For instance, in a city of five thousand people, it is necessary to have all considerations put in place in a manner which solves the major needs and requirements for all. Whenever planning a new urban setting, all human needs should be appropriately considered. The major needs in such a setting include water availability, electricity, sanitation, health services, jobs, building types, transportation systems, and recreational land. These are some of the issues every community faces in the recent period. However, i n this paper we will examine certain programs, which are symbolic of the issues being faced recently. The use of examples and relevant illustrations as well as organizations has been cited to shed light on the issue accordingly. Human service organizations should be able to come up with appropriate programs and environments which have the capability of meeting the basic needs for the clients and the society in particular. This can be achieved through having intellectual characteristics which shall help in building a better environment which promotes the human services being offered from the organization (Brian, 2009). For instance, the Medicaid and Medicare programs in the United States are very important in ensuring that the country has been given within the necessary services. Generally, there is a very big importance with the appropriateness of characteristics and environment for all human service organizations (Medicare Program, 2008). This paper will thus discuss in details the characteristics and the environment of Medicare Program in United States of America. Medicare Vision and Mission For any kind of organization which is offering human services such as the Medicare Program, there is a very big necessity of coming up with appropriate missions and visions statement which keep a good characteristic and a better environment for the organization. This as well ensures that proper operations being done in the organization are always aimed in the realization of the organization’s goals and objectives (Taylor, 2008). The Vision of Medicare has been the provision of a program which has to be of high quality, purely equitable as well as a sustainable health program which shall meet the needs and expressions of all the people in United States. Such a vision has been playing a major role in elevating the services which are on offer by the organization (Marmor, 2000). The Mission as well has been in making sure that the best voice and care has been given to all the people of the country and as well strengthen the health care system of the country through improved healthcare access and equitable future health care for all. Medicare Organization: Governance and Staffing In this organization, governance and staffing have been seriously undertaken in order to ensure that the right environment has been created which sees all the people being given the necessary

Wellbore Instability and Borehole Breakout

Wellbore Instability and Borehole Breakout Introduction: Despite the development of oil and gas industry technology, Wellbore instability remains one of non productive time that cost industry billions every year. wellbore instability has been one of the well planning stage and been studied widely (Bradley,1979; Bell, 2003; Zhang et al., 2003; Gentzis et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2009; Ding, 2011). Drilling through a formation led to stress changing a round the borehole due to rock removal. In this analysis, mud weight pressure is the controllable parameter during the drilling. The mud weight pressure effects can cause two failure mechanisms which are shear failure (breakout) and tensile failure (fracturing), these problems consider as the main wellbore failure. Borehole breakout happens when the mud weight is lower than expected. in other word, the breakout failure occurs when the stress imposed by drilling mud lower than compressive strength. On the other hand, higher mud weight can lead to tensile failure due to invade of mud into the fo rmation. The consequences behind these problems are stuck pipe, reaming operation, lost circulation, and sidetracking. To eliminate these problems many parameters should be considered such us rock strength, pore pressure, in-situ stress, and stress orientation. Furthermore, breakout and fracturing can be diminishing or eliminate by choosing the suitable mud weight for drilling. By using a constitutive model to predict the stresses around the wellbore connected with a failure criteria, Strength of reservoir rocks can be calculated. Hence, selection of the suitable failure criteria will consider as the main part of wellbore stability analysis. Borehole breakout is an enlargement and elongation of wellbore in a particular direction and it considers as the important indicators to predict the orientation of min. horizontal stress. This enlargement can be predicted by using 4-6 arm caliper tool, Optical imaging log, resistive image log, and acoustic image log (Jaeger et al.,2009; Bell and Gough, 1979; Zoback et al.,1985).   Figure (1) shows wellbore enlargement pattern via 4 arm caliper. The 4 arms caliper has 4 pads in two calipers (pad 1 and 3) represent Caliper 1 (C1) and (pad 2 and 4) represent caliper 2 (C2). The diameter of the hole can be identified from those two calipers. Fig 1a represents an in-gauge hole cause C1 and C2 have same reading of bit size. In contrast 1C shows a severe washout in hole size and caliper reading show this enlargement. Stand on well logs data and empirical equations, the rock strength and mechanical properties can be obtained (Rahimi, 2014). (Westergarrd. 1940) in-situ stress can be obtained by elastic characteristic equations. Also, from elastoplastic characteristic equation in-situ stress can be calculated (chang et al., 2006). As well , (LOT) and mini frac. test can help us to determine in-situ stresses (Bardley 1979b). Many models have been built to determine the induced stress in a circular well and predict the suitable mud pressure by using Failure criteria. In this analysis, three failure criteria have been used to predict the proper mud weight in the Nahr Umr formation in southern Iraq. The three failure criteria are Mohr-coulomb, Mogi-coulomb, and modified lade. Fig (1) Caliper log responses due to wellbore enlargement (Tingay ) Geological properties of the field and the target reservoir. The H oil filed is a land-based field located in southeastern Iraq between the city of  Basra and the Kuwait border (Figure 2). The field is an anticline that runs roughly north-west to south-southeast approximately 60 km long and 10-15 km wide. The anticline of H field has four domes divided by saddles, from the northwest to southeast these are: Al-Hamar Shuaiba Rafidyah Safwan Fig (3) The four domes in H filed The discovered reserves are contained in five reservoirs: Mishrif, Nahr Umr, Zubair 3rd Pay, Zubair 4th Pay and Yamama. (Figure 3) represents well stratigraphic. Nahr Umr Formation is an interesting potential water source zone due to the abundance of log data through the unit, water salinity that is compatible with the Mishrif and Zubair Formation waters, and the reported extent and strength of the aquifer. It is composed mainly of Sandstone interbedded with streaks of (Shale, Siltstone Limestone). Average thickness of Nahr Umr formation is +/- 260 m and the porosity exceed 25% with an average of 20% permeability ranges from 1000 md to 9000 md. Depends on information from more than fifteen wells, shear failure has been noticed in Nahr Umr formation specially at the shale layers. This breakout has been shown on shale shaker and by caliper log. Fig (4) stratigraphic of H field

American Writers Essay

Ernest Hemingway’s writing is among the most recognizable and influential prose of the twentieth century. Many critics believe his style was influenced by his days as a cub reporter for the Kansas City Star, where he had to rely on short sentences and energetic English. Hemingway’s technique is uncomplicated, with plain grammar and easily accessible language. His hallmark is a clean style that eschews adjectives and uses short, rhythmic sentences that concentrate on action rather than reflection. Though his writing is often thought of as â€Å"simple,† this generalization could not be further from the truth. He was an obsessive reviser. His work is the result of a careful process of selecting only those elements essential to the story and pruning everything else away. He kept his prose direct and unadorned, employing a technique he termed the â€Å"iceberg principle. † In Death in the Afternoon he wrote, â€Å"If a writer of prose knows enough about what he is writing about he may omit things that he knows and the reader, if the writer is writing truly enough, will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. The dignity of movement of the iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water. † Hemingway is also considered a master of dialogue. The conversations between his characters demonstrate not only communication but also its limits. The way Hemingway’s characters speak is sometimes more important than what they say, because what they choose to say (or leave unsaid) illuminates sources of inner conflict. Sometimes characters say only what they think another character will want to hear. In short, Hemingway captures the complexity of human interaction through subtlety and implication as well as direct discourse. The writers of Hemingway’s generation are often termed â€Å"Modernists. † Disillusioned by the large number of casualties in World War I, they turned away from the nineteenth-century, Victorian notions of morality and propriety and toward a more existential worldview. Many of the era’s most talented writers congregated in Paris. Ezra Pound, considered one of the most significant poets of the Modernist movement, promoted Hemingway’s early work, as did F.  Scott Fitzgerald, who wrote to his editor, Maxwell Perkins, on Hemingway’s behalf. The powerful impact of Hemingway’s writing on other authors continues to this day. Writers as diverse as Bret Easton Ellis, Chuck Palahniuk, Elmore Leonard, and Hunter S. Thompson have credited him with contributing to their styles. Direct, personal writing full of rich imagery was Hemingway’s goal. Nearly fifty years after his death, his distinctive prose is still recognizable by its economy and controlled understatement. 18 †¢ THE BIG READ National Endowment for the Arts.